高能激光和辅助气体的演变光纤激光器的出现迫使制造商高20千瓦和不同的思考方法激光切割。betway体育注册西汉姆
光纤激光器的出现迫使制造商高20千瓦和不同的思考方法激光切割。betway体育注册西汉姆
越来越高功率激光器的采用率不太可能很快结束。激光切割功率达到20千betway体育注册西汉姆瓦,这些设备能够切割材料1.5。与当初射流厚度精度和等离子切割的机器。betway体育注册西汉姆
采用这些高性能的设备有新的考虑,然而。所有金属制造商爱增加切割能力。betway体育注册西汉姆例如,平均而言,一个新的20千瓦的光纤激光器可以提高切削速度50%相比10 kw光纤激光器电源。betway体育注册西汉姆比较有效的切割完成后使用氮作为激光辅助气体,这是需要注意的,因为氮气betway体育注册西汉姆消耗量急剧上升与这些新的高能光纤激光切割机器。遗留设备无法匹配的材料厚度,可以减少与氮高效高能光纤激光切割机器。betway体育注册西汉姆氮气体的选择,因为它可以防止激光切割边缘成为氧化,也就是当氧气作为辅助气体。(粉末涂料和油漆往往不能坚持氧化金属边缘。)导致下面的场景:一个金属制作者喜欢生产部分每小时比以往任何时候都更可能在其年长的激光切割机,和减少下游处理,如磨边去除氧化的证据,它使用氮作为辅助气体。betway体育注册西汉姆结果,制作者可能会使用更多nitrogen-especially如果切削比它之前做过。betway体育注册西汉姆这家店寻求更大的大部分坦克吗?这是可能的,但这也许不是最有效的答案。与天然气供应商的关系需要合同,这锁金属制造公司财务安排,提供更大的灵活性。 Also, in many instances, the farther away a fab operation is from the gas supplier, the more expensive the gas is.Increased consumption of nitrogen also begs the question if a facility’s piping system can accommodate the new volume of gas. Re-piping the entire infrastructure might be required with the upsizing of bulk tanks.After having invested in a new high-powered laser cutting machine including material handling and parts sorting automation, any metal fabricator would show interest in trying to minimize the ongoing costs of running the laser. That’s why more of them are showing an interest in nitrogen generators as part of the equipment mix when they embrace high-powered laser cutting.
状态报告:氮的一代
氮代金属制造行业并不新鲜,但这被广泛接受。许多商店可能是可疑的技术一次,发现传统的散装容器或用于更可靠。今天,高功率光纤激光器对氮的渴求改变任何挥之不去的疑虑变成成熟的兴趣。Nitrogen-generation设备真的不创建氮但提取从周围的气氛。氮占大约78%的人类呼吸的空气,和氧气约占21%。其余的是氩和其他气体,如二氧化碳和甲烷的痕迹。
主要有两种方法生成高纯度氮:膜和变压吸附。在膜过程中,气体流过中空纤维的集合;氧气分子流经因为他们是小于纤维的毛孔,和氮分子,比毛孔,迁移到激光(见图1)。
图1所示。生成的膜过程氮是专注于气体流过中空纤维的集合。氧气分子流经纤维因为他们是小于纤维的毛孔,和氮分子,比毛孔,通过激光切割机。betway体育注册西汉姆
变压吸附涉及一个“双槽设置与碳分子筛对坦克陷阱氧气分子。捕获的氧气作为一个坦克,筛允许垂直氮分子通过第二个柜。当第一个柜不再能吸附更多的氧分子,压力波动发生在两个坦克,与第二个坦克成为加压和第一个柜驱逐的氧气。第一个柜是充满氮气,分离循环再次开始。整个过程是在一个常数平衡(见图2)。
图2。变压吸附系统通常用于生成氮激光切割。betway体育注册西汉姆
变压吸附的方法是目前最常见的氮代激光切割。betway体育注册西汉姆它能产生一个非常纯粹的氮气和提供强大的流速在更高的压力对于那些要求他们的激光切割的机器。betway体育注册西汉姆
进入气体混合
近年来很多研究进行了天然气mixing-adding另一种气体氮激光切割过程中。betway体育注册西汉姆的主要动机是降息增加;betway体育注册西汉姆他们的想法是,一些氧气的存在可以提高切削温度,从而消除金属以更高的速度。betway体育注册西汉姆这在很多情况下,但并不是在所有情况下。气体混合的一个最近发现的好处是能够减少纤维burr-that毛刺和渣滓在底部一侧的金属,特别是铝,金属切割后与任何高能光纤激光器使用惰性气体(如氮气。这个毛刺材料冷却太快的结果,因为它是通过表面和底部喷射重塑轮廓的边缘。混合气体中的氧气的存在和合成增加,减少温度有助于减少毛刺,许多金属制造商可以忍受激光切割的结果,而不是担心下游去毛刺。使用这种类型的气体混合的结果可以很戏剧性的相比,连续使用氮气。例如,一个测试涉及6千瓦0.375——光纤激光切割。betway体育注册西汉姆低碳钢透露,97%的氮,3%的氧气的混合气体产生了110 IPM的切割速度,显著改善90年IPM只使用氮气辅助气体。betway体育注册西汉姆结果得到更多的戏剧性和高功率的机器。10 kw光纤激光器处理相同的材料和使用相同的气体混合物实现切削速度高达230 IPM。betway体育注册西汉姆 Using straight nitrogen as the laser assist gas, the same machine reached only 183 IPM.Those are just two examples, but metal fabricators can expect higher-quality edges, increased cutting speeds, and reduced nitrogen consumption when using these gas mixes. Obviously, the results will differ depending on the laser cutting machine being used and the prescribed gas ratio mixtures.Metal fabricators worried about oxidation of edges when using a gas mix with oxygen have every right to be concerned, but they also might be surprised. Some metal manufacturers have found that parts cut with a gas mixture of 95% nitrogen and 5% oxygen accepted a paint coating well enough and performed satisfactorily in scratch-resistance and weather tests. On the other hand, some manufacturing companies that required parts stand up to extensive salt spray testing, where parts are blasted with salt and water over a long period of time, discovered that using the gas mix during laser cutting opened the door to more test failures. Again, the application and user expectations drive whether the use of this gas mix makes sense.These gas mixes are delivered to the laser cutting machine through an on-demand gas-mixing system, which is both small in size and inexpensive. The gas mixer makes it easy to dial in the correct ratio of nitrogen and oxygen for the cutting application.These gas mixers are connected to the nitrogen-generation system and typically high-pressure dewars of oxygen. A bulk supply of oxygen typically doesn’t work for this setup because the feed pressure is too low. The feed pressure from one of these oxygen tanks might be 145 PSI, which is inadequate when compared to the feed pressure of 350 PSI from the nitrogen-generation system. If the incoming oxygen feed pressure is 20 PSI less than the nitrogen feed pressure, the nitrogen will displace the oxygen, and the gas flow will become unbalanced. The high-pressure dewars of oxygen keep that gas mixture in the correct balance.The overall size of the nitrogen-generation system comprises two main parts: the generation unit and the storage tanks. The generation unit takes up about a 6 by 6 sq. ft. and stands about 8 ft. tall. The storage tanks, which look like a stack of scuba tanks, are stacked close to the generation unit, adding a few feet to the overall footprint. The on-demand gas mixer is small by comparison: 2 by 2.5 ft. and about 3 ft. tall.The size of the nitrogen-generation equipment makes it a good candidate for placing it above the laser cutting machine, say in a mezzanine. To make the most of their existing square footage, shops are looking to go vertical wherever they can with ancillary support equipment for their workhorse machine tools. A nitrogen-generation system is a suitable candidate for this approach.
前进
研究混合气体可能会继续随着激光切割机器力量的壮大和金属制造商没有打开他们的眼界、什么是可能的超出使用纯氮作为betway体育注册西汉姆辅助气体。机床公司将探索多少氧气他们可以介绍切削应用程序可以提高切削速度,改善切边不离开过多氧化的证据。betway体育注册西汉姆这些公司还将看看替代气体增加,特别是考虑到增加的钛和其他专业金属制造商被要求削减日益增长的商业航天工业。尽管积极与氮生成和可用的新天然气混合使用这些系统,一些金属制造商仍在拖延。初始资本投资可以落荒而逃,特别是如果他们当前的天然气输送和储罐的工作方法。这就是这些公司所有者和管理者需要改变他们的观点。氮代代表一个机会金属制造商提高生产水平,实现成本确定,甚至是提高产品质量,有可能进一步改善由于持续的行业研究。越来越,制造商不能忽略氮代如果他们是高能激光切割的机器上运行。betway体育注册西汉姆
:应用程序管理器,丹·科尔特斯Bystronic Inc .)
2021年10月发表在《制作者,的问题